Oracle DDL Event Triggers

Oracle DDL Event Triggers

Version 11.1

General Dependant Objects   trigger$ dba_triggers all_triggers user_triggers System Privileges create trigger create any trigger administer database trigger -- required for ON DATABASE alter any trigger drop any trigger DDL Trigger - Triggering Operations BEFORE / AFTER ALTER BEFORE / AFTER ANALYZE BEFORE / AFTER ASSOCIATE STATISTICS BEFORE / AFTER AUDIT BEFORE / AFTER COMMENT BEFORE / AFTER CREATE BEFORE / AFTER DDL BEFORE / AFTER DISASSOCIATE STATISTICS BEFORE / AFTER DROP BEFORE / AFTER GRANT BEFORE / AFTER NOAUDIT BEFORE / AFTER RENAME BEFORE / AFTER REVOKE BEFORE / AFTER TRUNCATE AFTER SUSPEND Database Level Event Triggers SELECT a.obj#, a.sys_evts, b.name FROM trigger$ a,obj$ b WHERE a.sys_evts > 0 AND a.obj#=b.obj# AND baseobject = 0; Schema Level Event Triggers SELECT a.obj#, a.sys_evts, b.name FROM trigger$ a,obj$ b WHERE a.sys_evts > 0 AND a.obj#=b.obj# AND baseobject = 88; Demo Table

Demo UserGRANT create session TO uwclass;
GRANT create procedure TO uwclass;
GRANT create sequence TO uwclass;
GRANT create table TO uwclass;
GRANT create trigger TO uwclass;
GRANT create view TO uwclass;

GRANT select ON gv_$open_cursor TO uwclass;

CONN uwclass/uwclass Table To Capture DDL Trigger OutputCREATE TABLE ddl_log (
operation   VARCHAR2(30),
obj_owner   VARCHAR2(30),
object_name VARCHAR2(30),
sql_text    VARCHAR2(64),
attempt_by  VARCHAR2(30),
attempt_dt  DATE); DDL Triggers
Trigger To Log A Single DDL Activity On A SchemaCREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER <trigger_name>
<BEFORE | AFTER> <triggering_action>
ON <SCHEMA | DATABASE>

DECLARE
 -- variable declarations
BEGIN
  -- trigger code
EXCEPTION
  -- exception handler
END <trigger_name>;
/ CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER bcs_trigger
BEFORE CREATE
ON SCHEMA

DECLARE
 oper ddl_log.operation%TYPE;
BEGIN
  INSERT INTO ddl_log
  SELECT ora_sysevent, ora_dict_obj_owner,
  ora_dict_obj_name, NULL, USER, SYSDATE
  FROM DUAL;
END bcs_trigger;
/

col object_name format a20

SELECT object_name, object_type
FROM user_objects;

col triggering_event format a20
SELECT trigger_name, trigger_type,
triggering_event, base_object_type
FROM user_triggers;

SELECT * FROM ddl_log;

CREATE SEQUENCE s1_test;

CREATE TABLE t1_test (
testcol VARCHAR2(20));

CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW v_test AS
SELECT * FROM t_test;

set linesize 150

SELECT operation, obj_owner, object_name
FROM ddl_log;

TRUNCATE TABLE ddl_log;

conn system/manager

CREATE TABLE uwclass.xyz (
testcol VARCHAR2(20));

conn uwclass/uwclass

SELECT operation, obj_owner, object_name
FROM ddl_log;

TRUNCATE TABLE ddl_log;
Trigger To Log A Single DDL Activity On The DatabaseCREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER <trigger_name>
<BEFORE | AFTER> <triggering_action>
ON <SCHEMA | DATABASE>

DECLARE
 -- variable declarations
BEGIN
  -- trigger code
EXCEPTION
  -- exception handler
END <trigger_name>;
/ conn system/manager

GRANT administer database trigger TO uwclass;

conn uwclass/uwclass

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER bcd_trigger
BEFORE CREATE
ON DATABASE

DECLARE
 oper ddl_log.operation%TYPE;
BEGIN
  INSERT INTO ddl_log
  SELECT ora_sysevent, ora_dict_obj_owner,
  ora_dict_obj_name, NULL, USER, SYSDATE
  FROM DUAL;
END bcd_trigger;
/

col object_name format a20
SELECT object_name, object_type
FROM user_objects;

col triggering_event format a20
SELECT trigger_name, trigger_type,
triggering_event, base_object_type
FROM user_triggers;

SELECT * FROM ddl_log;

CREATE SEQUENCE s2_test;

CREATE TABLE t2_test (
testcol VARCHAR2(20));

CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW v_test AS
SELECT * FROM t_test;

set linesize 150

SELECT operation, obj_owner, object_name
FROM ddl_log;

TRUNCATE TABLE ddl_log;

conn system/manager

CREATE TABLE uwclass.xyz (
testcol VARCHAR2(20));

conn uwclass/uwclass

SELECT operation, obj_owner, object_name
FROM ddl_log;

DROP TRIGGER bcd_trigger;

TRUNCATE TABLE ddl_log;
Trigger To Log Multiple DDL Activities CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER <trigger_name>
<BEFORE | AFTER> <triggering_action> OR <trigger_action>
ON SCHEMA

DECLARE
 -- variable declarations
BEGIN
  -- trigger code
EXCEPTION
  -- exception handlers
END <trigger_name>;
/ desc ddl_log

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER ddl_trigger
BEFORE CREATE OR ALTER OR DROP
ON SCHEMA

DECLARE
 oper ddl_log.operation%TYPE; sql_text ora_name_list_t;
 i        PLS_INTEGER;
BEGIN
  SELECT ora_sysevent
  INTO oper
  FROM DUAL;

  i := sql_txt(sql_text);

  IF oper IN ('CREATE', 'DROP') THEN
    INSERT INTO ddl_log
    SELECT ora_sysevent, ora_dict_obj_owner,
    ora_dict_obj_name, sql_text(1), USER, SYSDATE
    FROM DUAL;
  ELSIF oper = 'ALTER' THEN
    INSERT INTO ddl_log
    SELECT ora_sysevent, ora_dict_obj_owner,
    ora_dict_obj_name, sql_text(1), USER, SYSDATE
    FROM sys.gv_$sqltext
    WHERE UPPER(sql_text) LIKE 'ALTER%'
    AND UPPER(sql_text) LIKE '%NEW_TABLE%';
  END IF;
END ddl_trigger;
/

col operation format a20
col obj_owner format a10SELECT * FROM ddl_log;

conn / as sysdba

alter system flush shared_pool;
alter system flush shared_pool;

conn uwclass/uwclass

CREATE TABLE new_table (
charcol VARCHAR(20));SELECT * FROM ddl_log;

ALTER TABLE new_table
ADD (numbcol NUMBER(10));

SELECT * FROM ddl_log;

DROP TABLE new_table PURGE;

SELECT * FROM ddl_log;

TRUNCATE TABLE ddl_log;
DDL Trigger To Stop And Log Attempts To Drop Or Truncate

Requires the stored procedure below is created first -- NOTE: Be sure to build the log_proc procedure (below)
-- before trying to create this trigger
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER save_our_db
BEFORE DROP OR TRUNCATE
ON SCHEMA

DECLARE
 oper ddl_log.operation%TYPE;
BEGIN
  SELECT ora_sysevent
  INTO oper
  FROM DUAL;

  log_proc(ora_sysevent, ora_dict_obj_owner, ora_dict_obj_name);

  IF oper = 'DROP' THEN
    RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20998, 'Attempt To Drop
    In Production Has Been Logged');
  ELSIF oper = 'TRUNCATE' THEN
    RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20999, 'Attempt To Truncate A
    Production Table Has Been Logged');
  END IF;
END save_our_db;
/

SELECT * FROM ddl_log;

DROP TRIGGER ddl_trigger;

SELECT * FROM ddl_log;

ALTER TRIGGER save_our_db DISABLE;

DROP TRIGGER ddl_trigger;

SELECT * FROM ddl_log;

TRUNCATE TABLE ddl_log;

SELECT * FROM ddl_log;

ALTER TRIGGER save_our_db ENABLE;

DROP VIEW v_test;

SELECT * FROM ddl_log;

SELECT object_name FROM user_objects;

DROP SEQUENCE v1_test;

SELECT * FROM ddl_log;

SELECT object_name FROM user_objects;

DROP TRIGGER save_our_db;

TRUNCATE TABLE ddl_log;
Logging ProcedureCREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE log_proc (
ose  ddl_log.operation%TYPE,
odoo ddl_log.obj_owner%TYPE,
odon ddl_log.object_name%TYPE)
IS

PRAGMA AUTONOMOUS_TRANSACTION;

BEGIN
  INSERT INTO ddl_log
  SELECT ora_sysevent, ora_dict_obj_owner,
  ora_dict_obj_name, 'Not Allowed', USER, SYSDATE
  FROM DUAL;
  COMMIT;
END log_proc;
/
DDL Trigger To Prevent Creating Objects That Whose Names Begin With The Letter 'X' CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER no_xtabs
BEFORE CREATE
ON SCHEMA

DECLARE
 x user_tables.table_name%TYPE;
BEGIN
  SELECT ora_dict_obj_name
  INTO x
  FROM DUAL;

  IF SUBSTR(x, 1, 1) = 'X' THEN
    RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20099, 'Table Names Can Not
    Start With The Letter X');
  END IF;
END no_xtabs;
/

CREATE TABLE ztest (
testcol VARCHAR2(20));

CREATE TABLE xtest (
testcol VARCHAR2(20));
Demo of an application that identifies and logs all DDLconn / as sysdba

CREATE TABLESPACE logging
DATAFILE 'c: emp\logtsp01.dbf' SIZE 100M
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
UNIFORM SIZE 64K;

CREATE USER loguser
IDENTIFIED BY loguser
DEFAULT TABLESPACE logging
TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp
QUOTA 0 ON SYSTEM
QUOTA UNLIMITED ON logging;

-- Note that no system privileges have been granted
-- the table is being built by SYS

CREATE TABLE loguser.ddl_log (
user_name     VARCHAR2(30),
ddl_date      DATE,
ddl_type      VARCHAR2(30),
object_type   VARCHAR2(18),
owner         VARCHAR2(30),
object_name   VARCHAR2(128))
TABLESPACE logging;

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER ddl_trig
AFTER DDL
ON DATABASE

BEGIN
  INSERT INTO loguser.ddl_log
  (user_name, ddl_date, ddl_type,
   object_type, owner,
   object_name)
  VALUES
  (ora_login_user, SYSDATE, ora_sysevent,
   ora_dict_obj_type, ora_dict_obj_owner,
   ora_dict_obj_name);
END ddl_trig;
/

conn uwclass/uwclass

CREATE TABLE t3_test (
testcol DATE);

conn / as sysdba

SELECT * FROM loguser.ddl_log;
Disable granting privileges to PUBLICGRANT ALL ON servers TO SCOTT;
GRANT ALL ON servers TO PUBLIC;
REVOKE ALL ON servers FROM SCOTT;
REVOKE ALL ON servers FROM PUBLIC;

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER ddl_trig
BEFORE GRANT
ON DATABASE
DECLARE
 g_list dbms_standard.ora_name_list_t;
 n      PLS_INTEGER;
BEGIN
  n := ora_grantee(g_list);
  FOR i IN 1..n LOOP
    IF g_list(i) = 'PUBLIC' THEN
      RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20997,'Public Grants Not Allowed');
    END IF;
  END LOOP;
END;
/

set serveroutput on

GRANT ALL ON servers TO SCOTT;
GRANT ALL ON servers TO PUBLIC;
REVOKE ALL ON servers FROM SCOTT;
REVOKE ALL ON servers FROM PUBLIC;